A database is a set of organized information. Each database management system given below handles the information differently and is intended for different purposes.
Different vendors and societies manage and support these management systems and roll out newer versions from time to time, which makes the older versions that have reached EOL obsolete.
A database management system or engine is considered safe as long as it is receiving security support. Since databases hoard information, it can cause a major blow to the organization or individual if it is breached. Security updates help keep the data secure.
You can use the EOL information on different database management systems and engines, and plan your upgrades proactively to avoid any intrusion incidents.